La Raza (Mexican Spanish:[la 'ra.sa](listen); Spanish transl."the People";[2] lit.transl."the Race"[2]) is a Mexico City Metro transfer station in the Gustavo A. Madero borough of Mexico City. It is a combined underground and at-grade station with two side platforms each, served by Lines3 (the Olive Line) and 5 (the Yellow Line). La Raza station is located between Potrero and Tlatelolco stations on Line3, and between Autobuses del Norte and Misterios stations on Line5. It serves the colonias (neighborhoods) of Vallejo and Héroes deNacozari. The station's pictogram depicts the nearby Monumento a la Raza, a pyramid-shaped construction erected in honor of la Raza, Mexico's many native peoples and cultures.
Mexico City Metro station
LaRaza
STC rapid transit
Various scientific images are displayed in La Raza's transfer tunnel (pictured)
La Raza station opened on 25August 1978 with service on Line3 southward toward Hospital General station. Southeasterly service on Line5 toward Pantitlán station began on 1July 1982. The station facilities are partially accessible for people with disabilities as there are braille signage plates; inside, there is an Internet café, a library, and a mural titled Monstruos de fin de milenio, painted by Ariosto Otero Reyes. Outside, there is a bicycle parking station and a bus terminal. In 2019, the station had an overall average daily ridership of 40,937 passengers.
The transfer tunnel has an approximate length of 600 meters (2,000ft), the second-longest in the system. Inside the tunnel, there is a permanent science exhibition called El Túnel de la Ciencia ("The Tunnel of Science"), installed by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) to provide scientific information to passengers, which was opened on 30November 1988. The exposition features information about science and astronomy using pictures.
Location
View of the La Raza bus terminal seen from the outside of Line3
La Raza is a metro transfer station in the Gustavo A. Madero borough, in northern Mexico City. The Line3 station lies along Insurgentes Norte Avenue, while the Line5 station lies along the intersection of Leoncavallo and Paganini Streets, near Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas. La Raza serves the colonias (Mexican Spanish for "neighborhoods") of Héroes de Nacozari and Vallejo. Within the system, it lies between Potrero and Tlatelolco stations on Line3; on Line5, the station lies between Autobuses del Norte and Misterios stations.[3]
The area is serviced by a Centro de transferencia modal (CETRAM), a type of transport hub,[4] LaRaza Metrobús transfer station (Lines 1 and3),[5] by Line1 (formerly LineA) of the trolleybus system,[3] by Routes11-A, 12, 23, 27-A, and 103 of the Red de Transporte de Pasajeros network,[6] and by Routes7-D, 20-C, and 20-D of the city's public bus system.[7] In the future, it will connect with the Mexibús Line IV route.[8]
Line3 of the Mexico City Metro was built by Ingeniería de Sistemas de Transportes Metropolitano, Electrometro, and Cometro (a subsidiary of Empresas ICA);[9] La Raza Line3 opened on 25August 1978, on the first day of the La Raza–Hospital General service.[10] It was built underground;[11] the Potrero–La Raza stretch goes from the street level to the underground level,[12] and its length is 1,106 meters (3,629ft),[13] while the LaRaza–Tlatelolco interstation tunnel is 1,445m (4,741ft) long.[13]
Line5 of the Mexico City Metro was built by Cometro;[14] the station was opened on 1July 1982, on the first day of the La Raza–Pantitlán service.[10] The station was built at grade level.[15] While the LaRaza–Autobuses del Norte interstation is 975m (3,199ft) long,[16] the one between LaRaza and Misterios measures 892m (2,927ft)[16] and goes from the street level to the underground one.[13]
The passenger transfer tunnel that connects Line3 with Line5 has an approximate length of 600m (2,000ft),[17] and is the second-longest in the system after Atlalilco station, which connects Lines 8 and 12 (the Green and Golden lines, respectively), whose length is 880m (2,890ft).[18] La Raza's pictogram depicts the Monumento a la Raza, a pyramid-shaped construction erected in 1940 in honor of la Raza,[3][19] an ethnic movement by indigenous peoples of Mexico.[2] The facilities are partially accessible for people with disabilities as there are braille signage plates, and there is an Internet café, a help desk,[3] and a library.[20]
In 2008, Metro authorities had maintenance work done on Line 5station's roof.[21]
In August 2016, the Government of Mexico City built a bicycle parking station outside La Raza station.[22]
1995 shooting
On 28September 1995, Ernesto Cruz Jiménez, a Huixquilucan police officer, entered a parked train and shot seven passengers, killing two of them.[23][24] After being arrested, Cruz said he felt depressed. He was sentenced to 50 years in prison.[25][26] After the incident, the Government of Mexico City had walk-through metal detectors installed in the metro system.[24][27]
Other incidents
The station floods during periods of heavy rainfall.[28][29]
Ridership
According to the data provided by the authorities, between 2011 and 2021, commuters averaged between 17,200 and 37,900 daily entrances on Line3 and between 6,000 and 12,900 daily entrances on Line5.
In 2019, before the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport, the station's ridership totaled 14,942,281 passengers. For Line3, the ridership was 11,364,171 passengers—31,134 passengers per day, which was a decrease of 397,769 passengers compared to 2018. For Line5, the station had a ridership of 3,578,110—9,803 passengers per day, which was a decrease of 46,541 compared to 2018.[30][31]
In 2019, the Line 3station was the 38th busiest of the system's 195 stations, and the line's 6thbusiest. The Line5 station was the 155thbusiest in the system and the line's 5th busiest.[30]
The El túnel de la ciencia Museum (English for "The Tunnel of Science")[40][41] is the longest permanent exposition in the world.[42] Science and astronomy pictures and information are mounted on the walls located inside the transfer tunnel. It was opened on 30November 1988—the first Latin American scientific exhibition installed in a public transport location.[20] Its purpose is to provide scientific information to passengers. It is aimed at young people since many of them are students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the National Polytechnic Institute (IPN).[43] The tunnel's area is 6,177 square meters (66,490sqft)[44] and features images of the autumn-sky constellations,[43] planets and satellites, the Milky Way,[45] and, in the middle of the tunnel, there is a drawn-to-scale representation of the celestial sphere displaying the 12zodiac constellations, drawn with luminous paint.[20][46] The exhibition was installed by Universum, UNAM's science museum.[43] It is estimated that 60,000 people visit it with the guided tour service.[20] In 2018, the Institute of Astronomy of the UNAM[es] remodeled the tunnel.[20]
Other exhibitions
On 25November 2008, the Metro authorities installed the 1997 mural Monstruos de fin de milenio (lit.transl.Monsters from the End of the Millennium), which was painted and donated to the metro system by Mexican painter Ariosto Otero Reyes[es].[47]
In June2015, the Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) of the IPN exhibited multiple human brains, their anatomy, and some injuries they had suffered.[48] In April 2016, the Geology Museum of the UNAM[es] displayed rocks, fossils, minerals, and a shark jaw.[49] In June 2016, the system featured an exhibition of 80 preserved human body parts by the Tominaga Nakamoto University, a display of 50 sculptures by Nour Kuri representing human bodies, and six photographs by Duilio Rodríguez representing pain.[50][51] In May and June 2018, La Raza station hosted exhibitions by Manuel de la Cera, Norma Patiño, Teresa Olalde, and the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM)'s LibroFest.[52]
From 21August to 15October 2018, the Secretariat of Agriculture and Rural Development (SAGARPA) and the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) displayed an exposition in the tunnel on bees and their ecological importance.[53] In 2020, the station temporarily displayed pictures, landscapes, and sculptures created by Swiss artist H. R. Giger.[54]
Gallery
In the middle of the tunnel, a representation of the celestial sphere is depicted with luminous paint
Monstruos de Fin de Milenio mural by Ariosto Otero Reyes
The June 2016 exhibition on the human body displaying the nervous system
Síntomas by Duilio Rodríguez
Landmarks and exhibitions at La Raza
References
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2021"[Station traffic per line 2021] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2022. Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
"Línea 3, Ciudad de México"[Line 3, Mexico City] (in Spanish). iNGENET Infraestructura. 20 July 2009. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
"Línea 5, Ciudad de México"[Line 5, Mexico City] (in Spanish). iNGENET Infraestructura. 20 July 2009. Archived from the original on 2 September 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
"Estación La Raza del STC Metro"[Mexico City Metro's La Raza Station] (in Spanish). Secretariat of Culture. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
Notimex (20 September 2019). "Hay tragedias en el Metro que no se olvidan"[There are tragedies in the Metro that are not forgotten]. Excélsior (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
"Le dan 50 años"[Sentenced to 50 years] (in Spanish). vLex.com. 28 April 1998. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
Nájar, Alberto (10 May 1998). "Todo el Metro"[All about the Metro]. La Jornada (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
Trejo, Yeseline (6 May 2021). "Se inunda metro La Raza por fuertes lluvias"[La Raza station floods due to heavy rains]. Diario AS (in Spanish). Mexico City. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2019"[Station traffic per line 2019] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2020. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2018"[Station traffic per line 2018] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2019. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2020"[Station traffic per line 2020] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2021. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2017"[Station traffic per line 2017] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2019. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2016"[Station traffic per line 2016] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2017. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2015"[Station traffic per line 2015] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2014"[Station traffic per line 2014] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2015. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2013"[Station traffic per line 2013] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2014. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2012"[Station traffic per line 2012] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2013. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
"Afluencia de estación por línea 2011"[Station traffic per line 2011] (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2012. Archived from the original on 7 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
López, Jonás (30 November 2019). "Cumple 31 años el Túnel de la Ciencia"[The Tunnel of Science turns 31]. Excélsior (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
"Túnel de la Ciencia en el metro La Raza"[The Tunnel of Science at La Raza metro station]. Dónde Ir (in Spanish). GIN Media. September 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
"Fotogalería: Exhiben cerebros en Metro La Raza"[Photo Gallery: Brains on display at La Raza metro station]. Excélsior (in Spanish). Mexico City. 10 June 2015. Archived from the original on 29 December 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
Ahumada, Dulce (11 April 2016). "Fósiles y dinosaurios llegan al Metro La Raza"[Fossils and dinosaurs arrive to La Raza metro station] (in Spanish). máspormás. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
"Abejas en el Metro La Raza"[Bees at La Raza metro station] (in Spanish). Federal government of Mexico. 21 August 2018. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
Notimex (25 January 2020). "Exponen obras de H. R. Giger en el Metro La Raza"[H. R. Giger's works on display at La Raza metro station]. El Universal (in Spanish). Mexico City. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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