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Hoboken Terminal is a commuter-oriented intermodal passenger station in Hoboken, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. One of the New York metropolitan area's major transportation hubs, it is served by nine NJ Transit (NJT) commuter rail lines, one Metro-North Railroad line, various NJT buses and private bus lines, the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail, the Port Authority Trans Hudson (PATH) rapid transit system, and NY Waterway-operated ferries. More than 50,000 people use the terminal daily, making it the ninth-busiest railroad station in North America and the sixth-busiest in the New York area. It is also the second-busiest railroad station in New Jersey, behind only Newark Penn Station, and its third-busiest transportation facility, after Newark Liberty International Airport and Newark Penn Station.[7] Hoboken Terminal is wheelchair-accessible, with high-level platforms for light rail and PATH services and portable lifts for commuter rail services.

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Hoboken Terminal
Hoboken Terminal from the Hudson River in 2012
General information
Location	1 Hudson Place Hoboken, New Jersey
Owned by	New Jersey Transit (street level) Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (underground)
Line(s)	Hoboken Division Uptown and Downtown Hudson Tubes
Platforms	9 island platforms, 1 side platform
Tracks	18
Connections	NY Waterway NJ Transit Bus: 22, 23, 63, 64, 68, 85, 87, 89, 126
Construction
Platform levels	2
Bicycle facilities	88 spaces
Disabled access	Yes
Other information
Station code	HOB 20496, 20497 (NJT Bus)[1]
Fare zone	1
History
Opened	February 25, 1907; 115 years ago (1907-02-25)
Electrified	September 3, 1930:[2] 25 kV 60 Hz (commuter rail) 600 V (DC) third rail (PATH) 750 V DC Overhead lines (light rail)
Passengers
2017	15,628 (average weekday)[3] (NJT)
[4]
2018	8,267,843[5]  6.1% (PATH)
Services
Preceding station NJ Transit Following station Newark Penn Station toward Bay Head North Jersey Coast Line limited service Terminus Newark Penn Station toward High Bridge Raritan Valley Line limited service Newark Broad Street toward Hackettstown Montclair-Boonton Line Morristown Line weekdays Newark Broad Street toward Gladstone Gladstone Branch weekdays Secaucus Junction toward Spring Valley Pascack Valley Line Secaucus Junction toward Suffern Main Line Bergen County Line Secaucus Junction toward Meadowlands BetMGM Meadowlands Rail Line special event service Preceding station Metro-North Railroad Following station Secaucus Junction toward Port Jervis Port Jervis Line Terminus
Former services Preceding station NJ Transit Following station Arlington toward Hackettstown Boonton Line until 2002 Terminus Newark Broad Street toward Bay Street Montclair Branch until 2002 Harrison toward Bay Street Montclair Branch until 1984 Preceding station Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Following station Newark toward Buffalo Main Line Terminus Harrison toward Montclair Montclair Branch Newark toward Gladstone Gladstone Branch Kingsland toward Dover Boonton Branch
Erie-Lackawanna Railroad Terminal at Hoboken
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Show map of Hudson County, New Jersey Show map of New Jersey Show map of the United States
Location	On the Hudson River at the foot of Hudson Place, Hoboken, New Jersey
Coordinates	40°44′6″N 74°1′39″W
Area	4 acres (2 ha)
Built	1907; 115 years ago (1907)
Architect	Kenneth MacKenzie Murchison
Architectural style	American Industrial
NRHP reference No.	73001102[6]
Added to NRHP	July 24, 1973

History

The site of the terminal had been used since colonial times to link Manhattan Island and points west. It was long a ferry landing accessible via turnpike roads, and later plank roads (namely the Hackensack, the Paterson and a spur of the Newark Plank Road).^{[citation needed]} In 1811, the first steam-powered ferries began service under John Stevens, an inventor who founded Hoboken.[8]

The coming of the railroads brought more and more travelers to the west bank of the Hudson River. Passengers traveling to Manhattan from most of the continental USA had to transfer to a ferry at the riverbank. Cuts and tunnels were constructed through Bergen Hill to rail–ferry terminals on the west bank of the river and the Upper New York Bay. The first of the Bergen Tunnels under Jersey City Heights was opened in 1876 by the Morris and Essex Railroad, which was leased by the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad (DL&W).

Designed by architect Kenneth M. Murchison in the Beaux-Arts style, the rail and ferry terminal buildings were constructed in 1907 by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad.[9][10] The following year, the railroad opened the second parallel tunnel. Both tunnels are still used by NJ Transit.[11] The tubes of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad, forerunner of PATH, were extended to Hoboken Terminal upon its opening. The first revenue train on the new line ran from the terminal on February 26, 1908.[12]

In 1930, Thomas Edison was at the controls for the first departure of a regular-service electric multiple unit train from Hoboken Terminal to Montclair. One of the first installations of central air-conditioning in a public space was at the station, as was the first non-experimental use of mobile phones.[13][14]

Numerous streetcar lines (eventually owned and operated by the Public Service Railway), including the Hoboken Inclined Cable Railway, originated and terminated at the station until bustitution was completed on August 7, 1949.[11]

At the peak of intercity rail service, five passenger terminals were operated by competing railroad companies along the Hudson Waterfront. Of the five, Hoboken Terminal is the only one still in active use. Those at Weehawken (New York Central), Pavonia (Erie Railroad), and Exchange Place (Pennsylvania Railroad) were demolished in the 1960s, while the one in Jersey City (Central Railroad of New Jersey) was restored and is now part of Liberty State Park.[15]

In October 1956, four years before its merger with the DL&W to form the Erie Lackawanna Railway, the Erie Railroad began to shift its trains from Pavonia Terminal to Hoboken. The Erie moved its Northern Branch trains to Hoboken in 1959. In October 1965, on former Erie routes, there were five weekday trains run to Midvale, three to Nyack on the Northern Branch, three to Waldwick via the Newark Branch, two to Essex Fells on its Caldwell Branch, two to Carlton Hill, and one to Newton.[16][17] All those trains were dropped in 1966. The last intercity trains that called at the station, with service to Chicago and Buffalo, were discontinued on January 5, 1970.^{[citation needed]}

Conrail acquired the terminal in 1976 when it bought the Erie Lackawanna's rail assets. Ownership of the terminal passed to NJ Transit in 1983, when it bought Conrail's rail properties in northern New Jersey.^{[citation needed]}

Ferry service from the terminal to lower Manhattan ended on November 22, 1967.[18] It resumed in 1989 on the south side of the terminal and moved back to the restored ferry slips inside the historic terminal on December 7, 2011.[19][20]

In 1973 the terminal building was added to the New Jersey Register of Historic Places[9] and the National Register of Historic Places.[21]

A renovation that lasted from 2005 to 2009 demolished and rebuilt walls to resemble their original appearance; the terminal's clock tower was rebuilt as well.[22]

The station was badly damaged during Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012. A 5-foot (1.5 m) storm surge inundated the facility; the water rose as high as 8 feet (2.4 m) in the PATH tunnels. Daytime PATH service to midtown Manhattan was restored on December 19. The waiting room reopened in January 2013, while extensive repairs were still in progress.[23][24] Pre-Sandy service patterns were gradually restored by March 1, 2013.[25][26][27][28][29]

As of 2017, the station was the ninth-busiest railway station in North America.[4][30]

On October 5, 2022, officials broke ground on Hoboken Connect, a projected five-year project to renovate the Terminal and its immediate vicinity. The plans call for erecting a 20-story commercial building at 5 and 23 Hudson Place and a 28-story, 389-unit residential building on Observer Highway. Planned improvements to Warrington Plaza include movable seats and modular structures for public use. The Ferry Terminal will be renovated to add retail space and bicycle storage on the ground floor, while commercial space on its second floor would be constructed to house either transport functions, or tenants such as markets, eateries, or areas for arts and culture. A new bus depot is planned for Hudson Place, pending NJ Transit approval.[31]

Accidents

In December 1985, an NJ Transit train crashed into the concrete bumper at Hoboken Terminal, injuring 54. The 1985 crash was said to have been caused by a lubricant that had been applied to the tracks to test train wheels.[32]

In May 2011, a PATH train crashed into a bumper block at Hoboken Terminal, injuring 34 people;[33][34] the Port Authority said the train came in too fast.[35]

On the morning of September 29, 2016, an NJ Transit train crashed through a stopblock and into the concourse of the station, killing one person and injuring more than 110 people.[36][37] Tracks 10 through 17 were reopened on October 10, 2016, with most remaining tracks reopened a week later. The pedestrian concourse reopened on May 14, 2017. Track 6 reopened for service in June 2017 and Track 5 reopened for service sometime around September 2018.[38] The planning for permanent repairs to the concourse roof and supports were ongoing during this time. Permanent repairs and renovations began in March 2019[39] and were completed by the end of 2019.[40][41]

Design

Hoboken Terminal is considered a milestone in American transportation development, initially combining rail, ferry, subway, streetcar and pedestrian services, in one of the most innovatively designed and engineered structures in the nation, with bus and light-rail service added in the ensuing decades. The terminal was also one of the first stations in the world to employ the Bush-type train shed, designed by and named for Lincoln Bush of the DL&W, which quickly became ubiquitous in station design.[13] The station is unusual for a New York City area commuter railroad terminal in that it still has low-level platforms, requiring passengers to use stairs on the train to board and alight. The Long Slip Fill and Rail Enhancement project is anticipated to add three high level ADA-accessible platforms to the south side of the terminal.[42]

The terminal's 225-foot (69 m) clock tower was designed by architect Kenneth Murchison, and originally built with the terminal. Its copper cladding was intended to provide a dramatic decorative effect. By the post-World War II period, this patina had been lost to wind erosion, and was removed in about 1950 following a storm. The tower was replaced by a radio tower that stood for more than half a century, until being removed in June 2006, when it was replaced with a new clock tower modeled after the original, down to the same copper cladding, albeit with a more modern steel and aluminum infrastructure that would better withstand wind erosion. The second tower includes a clock with 12-foot diameter faces and 4-foot-high (1.2 m) copper letters, which spell out "LACKAWANNA", whose fiber optic technology allow the them to be lit from dusk to midnight.[43]

The large main waiting room features floral and Greek Revival motifs in tiled stained glass by Louis Comfort Tiffany set atop bands of pale cement. The terminal exterior extends to over four stories and has a copper-clad façade with ornate detailing. Its single-story base is constructed of rusticated Indiana limestone. A grand double stair with decorative cast-iron railings within the main waiting room provides an entrance to the upper-level ferry concourse.[44]

Services

Commuter rail

Hoboken Terminal is the terminus and namesake for NJ Transit's Hoboken Division, which consists mostly of the former (Erie) Lackawanna commuter routes in northern New Jersey.

• Main Line
• Bergen County Line
• BetMGM Meadowlands Rail Line (event service)
• Pascack Valley Line
• Morristown Line and Gladstone Branch of the Morris and Essex Lines
• Montclair-Boonton Line
• North Jersey Coast Line (limited service)
• Port Jervis Line
• Raritan Valley Line (one inbound morning weekday train only)

Access to other NJ Transit rail lines is available at Newark Penn Station (which also serves Amtrak), Secaucus Junction, or Newark Broad Street.

Rapid transit

Hoboken
PATH rapid transit station
PATH station platforms
Services
Preceding station PATH Following station Weekdays Terminus HOB–WTC Newport toward World Trade Center HOB–33 Christopher Street toward 33rd Street Weeknights, Weekends, Holidays Newport toward Journal Square JSQ–33 (via HOB) Christopher Street toward 33rd Street

PATH trains provide 24-hour service from a three-track underground terminal located north of the surface platforms.[45] Two routes are offered on weekdays during the day, and one route is offered on late nights, weekends and holidays. Entrances are from the main concourse or street, below the Hudson Place bus station with both an elevator and stairs. Travel to Newark Penn Station always requires a transfer, as does weekday service to Journal Square Transportation Center.

G	Street Level	Exit/entrance
B1	Mezzanine	Fare control, transfer to NJ Transit services
B2 Platform level	Eastbound	←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) weekends toward 33rd Street or Journal Square (Christopher Street or Newport) ←      HOB–WTC weekdays toward World Trade Center (Newport)	Mezzanine access
	Island platform
	Eastbound	←      HOB–33 weekdays toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street) ←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) weekends toward 33rd Street or Journal Square (Christopher Street or Newport) ←      HOB–WTC weekdays toward World Trade Center (Newport)
	Island platform
	Eastbound	←      HOB–33 weekdays toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street) ←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) weekends toward 33rd Street or Journal Square (Christopher Street or Newport)
	Side platform

Light rail

Hoboken
HBLR platform at tracks H1 and H2
Construction
Disabled access	Yes
Other information
Fare zone	1
Services
Preceding station NJ Transit Following station Terminus Hoboken–Tonnelle 2nd Street toward Tonnelle Avenue Newport toward 8th Street 8th Street–Hoboken Terminus Bayonne Flyer

Hoboken Terminal is the terminus for two of the three Hudson-Bergen Light Rail routes. Light rail platforms are located south of Track 18 and the terminal building, and provide a pathway connection to 14th Street along the Hudson River.

Ground/platform level Exit/entrance to 14th Street and Hoboken Terminal
	Track H1	←      Hoboken–Tonnelle toward Tonnelle Avenue (2nd Street) ←      8th Street–Hoboken toward 8th Street (Newport) ←      Bayonne Flyer toward 8th Street (rush hours) (Newport)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left or right
	Track H2	←      Hoboken–Tonnelle toward Tonnelle Avenue (2nd Street) ←      8th Street–Hoboken toward 8th Street (Newport) ←      Bayonne Flyer toward 8th Street (rush hours) (Newport)
	Track H4	←      Hoboken–Tonnelle toward Tonnelle Avenue (2nd Street) ←      8th Street–Hoboken toward 8th Street (Newport) ←      Bayonne Flyer toward 8th Street (rush hours) (Newport)
	Side platform, doors will open on the left

Ferry

Ferry service is operated by NY Waterway to Brookfield Place Terminal daily, as well as Pier 11/Wall Street and West Midtown Ferry Terminal on weekdays.[46] The ferry concourse has five slips, numbered 1–5. Slips 1 and 5 are generally used for ferries heading to West Midtown, Slip 2 is generally used for Wall Street ferries, and Slip 3 is generally used for Brookfield Place ferries.[47]

Bus service

Ten routes operated by New Jersey Transit Bus Operations serve Hoboken. Lanes 1-5 are underneath the covered "Hoboken Bus Terminal" adjacent to Track 1, while Lane 6 lies at the curb adjacent to the main commuter rail concourse.[47]

Route 87 departs from Lane 1 for Jersey City,[47][48] route 126 departs from Lanes 2 and 3 for the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Manhattan,[47][49] and routes 85, 89 depart from Lane 4 for American Dream Meadowlands in East Rutherford or Nungessers.[47][50][51] Routes 22, 22X, 23 depart from Lane 5 for Weehawken or Union City,[47] and routes 63, 64, 68 departs from Lane 6 for Lakewood, Lincoln Harbor, or Old Bridge.[47][52][53]

Former named trains

Until the 1960s, Hoboken Terminal was also a major intercity station, serving as the New York-area terminus for several Lackawanna and Erie Lackawanna streamliner trains. Passenger trains extended beyond the daily commuter market to Buffalo, Chicago and northeastern Pennsylvania.^{[citation needed]}

Name	Operators	Destination	Year begun	Year discontinued
Atlantic Express and Pacific Express	Erie Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	Chicago, Illinois	1885, but started departing from Hoboken in 1956	1965
Chicago Limited	Lackawanna Railroad	DLW terminal in Buffalo, New York, continuing as an express New York Central train to Chicago, the westbound counterpart to the Lackawanna Limited	1917	1941
Erie Limited	Erie Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	Chicago, Illinois	Began in 1929, but started departing from Hoboken in 1956	1963
Lake Cities	Erie Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	Chicago, Illinois	Began in 1939, but started departing from Hoboken in 1956	1970
Lackawanna Limited	Lackawanna Railroad	Buffalo, until 1941 continuing to Chicago	1901	1949
Merchants Express	Lackawanna Railroad	Scranton	1937	1959
New York Mail	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to Chicago	1937	1968
New Yorker/Westerner	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to Chicago	1936	1963
Owl	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to St. Louis	1919	1968
Phoebe Snow	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	DL&W Terminal, Buffalo	1949	1966
Pocono Express	Lackawanna Railroad	Buffalo	1936	1965[54]
Scrantonian	Lackawanna Railroad	Scranton	1942	1952
Twilight	Lackawanna Railroad	Buffalo	1950	1965[54]

Environs and access

Though the passenger facilities are located within Hoboken, large parts of the infrastructure that supports them are located in Jersey City. The Hoboken/Jersey City line cuts across the rail yard at a northwest diagonal from the river to the intersection of Grove Street and Newark Street. It is at this corner that Observer Highway begins running parallel to the tracks and creating a de facto border for Hoboken.[55] The Long Slip (created with the landfilling of Harsimus Cove) creates the southern perimeter of the station, separating it from Jersey City's Newport neighborhood.^{[citation needed]}

Motor vehicle access to the station is extremely limited. At the eastern end of Observer Highway buses are permitted to enter their terminal. Other vehicles are required to do a dog-leg turn onto Hudson Place. This 0.05-mile-long (0.080 km)[56] street (designated CR 736) is the only one with motor vehicle traffic adjacent to the station and acts as a pick-up/drop off point, and hosts a dedicated taxi stand. Departure from the terminal requires travelling north (for at least one block) on River Street.^{[citation needed]}

Hudson Place ends at Warrington Plaza. On this square one finds the main entrance to the waiting room and the vehicle entrances to the currently unused original ferry slips. A statue of Sam Sloan, president of the DL&W, moved during renovations faces the loading docks of the nearby post office. The plaza was named in honor of George Warrington, who was influential in the creation of NJ Transit, and as its executive director enabled the purchase and preservation of the station.^{[citation needed]}

In 2009, pedestrian access to the terminal from the south was made possible with the opening of a new segment of the Hudson River Waterfront Walkway.[57] The closing of this gap along the promenade nearly completes the stretch from the Morris Canal to Weehawken Cove, with signage along the concourse at the rail head inside the terminal indicating that it is officially part of the walkway.^{[citation needed]}

In media

The station has been used for film shoots, including Funny Girl, Three Days of the Condor, Once Upon a Time in America, The Station Agent, The Curse of the Jade Scorpion,[58] Julie & Julia, Kal Ho Naa Ho, Rod Stewart's "Downtown Train" video (1990) and Eric Clapton's video for his 1996 single "Change the World".[59]

Gallery

• 
  Ferry slips before restoration as seen from the Hudson River
• 
  Hoboken Terminal from the water on an autumn afternoon in 1996
• 
  Clock tower being replaced as part of extensive renovations
• 
  Hoboken Terminal from the water, 2013
• 
  Ferry terminal in use between 1989 and 2011 for Brookfield Place-bound boats
• 
  Hudson Place street stair to PATH
• 
  NJ Transit commuter rail platforms
• 
  Commuter rail platform area
• 
  One of two fare control areas of the PATH station
• 
  Hoboken Terminal after a heavy snow storm in 2010
• 
  Looking west in Hoboken Terminal waiting room
• 
  Ice Water faucet inside the main terminal

References

External links

Google Maps Street View
Hudson Place and River Street entrance to PATH
Stairs and elevator to PATH on Hudson Place
PATH platforms
Waiting room
Commuter rail platforms
Light rail platforms
Ferry pier

• NJT rail station information page for Hoboken Terminal
• DepartureVision real time train information for Hoboken Terminal
• NJT Hudson–Bergen Light Rail station information page for Hoboken Terminal
• Metro-North station page for Hoboken
• PATH station details
• Hoboken Terminal Website
• Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NJ-59, "Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad and Ferry Terminal, Ferry Slips and Bridges"
• HAER No. NJ-135-A, "Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Freight and Rail Yard, Long Slip Canal"
• HAER No. NJ-135-B, "Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Freight and Rail Yard, Multiple Unit Light Inspection Shed"

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