South African Class ES - Train - railroad.wikisort.org

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The South African Railways Class ES of 1936 was an electric locomotive.

South African Class ES

Class ES shunting locomotive, c. 1936

Type and origin
♠ Series 1 & 2 - ♥ Series 3 & 4
Power type	Electric
Designer	South African Railways (A.G. Watson)
Builder	South African Railways Werkspoor
Serial number	Werkspoor 737-746, 913-924 & 1053-1054, SLM 3662
Model	SAR ES
Build date	1936-1964
Total produced	28

Specifications
Configuration:
• AAR	B-B
• UIC	Bo+Bo
• Commonwealth	Bo+Bo
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Wheel diameter	1,219 mm (48.0 in)
Minimum curve	91.45 m (300 ft)
Wheelbase	9,423 mm (30 ft 11.0 in)
• Bogie	2,819 mm (9 ft 3.0 in)
Pivot centres	6,604 mm (21 ft 8.0 in)
Length:
• Over couplers	13,310 mm (43 ft 8.0 in)
Width	2,800 mm (9 ft 2.2 in)
Height:
• Pantograph	♠ 3,859 mm (12 ft 7.9 in) ♥ 4,026 mm (13 ft 2.5 in)
• Body height	♠ 3,478 mm (11 ft 4.9 in) ♥ 3,618 mm (11 ft 10.4 in)
Axle load	17,018 kg (37,518 lb)
Loco weight	68,075 kg (150,080 lb)
Electric system/s	3 kV DC catenary
Current pickup(s)	Pantograph
Traction motors	Four MV 182R
• Rating 1 hour	224 kW (300 hp)
Gear ratio	17:75
Train brakes	Air & Vacuum
Couplers	AAR knuckle

Performance figures
Maximum speed	40 km/h (25 mph)
Power output	896 kW (1,202 hp)
Tractive effort:
• Starting	176 kN (40,000 lbf)
• 1 hour	94 kN (21,000 lbf)
• Continuous	73 kN (16,000 lbf)

Career
Operators	South African Railways Driefontein GM
Class	Class ES
Number in class	28
Numbers	SAR E500-E501 (ex E96-E97), E503-E512 (ex E124-E133), E515-E526, Driefontein 1-4
Nicknames	Studebaker
Delivered	1936-1964
First run	1936
Withdrawn	c. 1983

In 1936, the South African Railways built two Class ES centre-cab electric shunting locomotives with a Bo+Bo wheel arrangement, based on the Class 1E mainline electric locomotive. Between then and 1964, more were acquired until a total of 24 Class ES locomotives were eventually in service. Four more were built new for industry in 1952 and 1957.[1][2][3][4]

The Class ES was the fourth locomotive type to be designed and built in South Africa, after the Natal Government Railways 4-6-2TT Havelock of 1888, the Class 2C of 1910 and the Class 20 of 1935.[2]

Design

During 1935, it was decided to replace steam shunting locomotives with electric shunting units at Daimana (Danskraal) in Ladysmith. A design for a centre-cab electric shunting locomotive, based on the Class 1E mainline locomotive which was originally designed by Metropolitan-Vickers (Metrovick), was prepared by A.G. Watson, Chief Mechanical Engineer of the South African Railways (SAR) from 1929 to 1936, in collaboration with the SAR Electrical Department.[1][2][5][6]

Manufacturers

The first two Class ES locomotives were built new in Pietermaritzburg, where the bodywork was constructed in the SAR workshops. Two sets of spare Class 1E power bogies, complete with traction motors and gearing, were used. The wiring, control equipment and auxiliary machinery were installed at Daimana. These two units were initially numbered E96 and E97, but they were later renumbered to E500 and E501. They entered service at Daimana in 1936 as South Africa's first purpose-built electric shunting locomotives.[1][2][5]

Even though it was not wholly a South African product with its imported Class 1E spare parts, the Class ES was the fourth recorded instance of locomotives designed and constructed in South African workshops, after the Natal Government Railways' engine Havelock of 1888, the Class 2C of 1910 and the Class 20 of 1935.[1][2][5][7][8][9][10]

Over the next 28 years, more of these locomotives were built and by 1964 24 Class ES locomotives had been placed in service by the SAR. As can be expected in a locomotive type which was built by different manufacturers over a period of almost three decades, there are differences in appearance between locomotives.[5]

Two batches of ten were built by the Nederlandsche Fabriek van Werktuigen en Spoorwegmaterieel (Werkspoor).

Series 2, numbers E124 to E133, entered service in 1938 and were later renumbered in the range from E503 to E512.[1]
Series 3, numbers E515 to E524, entered service in 1953.[4]

Series 4, numbers E525 and E526, the last two, were rebuilt from Class 1E locomotives in the SAR shops in 1964.

No. E525 was rebuilt from Class 1E, Series 4 no. E114, originally built by Metrovick.
No. E526 was rebuilt from Class 1E, Series 5 no. E146, originally built by Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM).[4][5]

In 1952, two Class ES locomotives were built new for the Driefontein Consolidated Gold Mine (Dries) by Werkspoor, numbered 1 and 2. Another two were delivered new to the mine in 1957, numbered 3 and 4, also built by Werkspoor.[4]

Characteristics

The locomotive body had three main sections. For the convenience of the driver and to afford him better outside vision, the cab was placed in the middle of the body, with the hoods of the machinery compartments tapering downwards from the cab. The "S" in the locomotive's class designation identifies it as a shunting locomotive, designed for and usually limited to yard work.[1][3]

With a maximum safe speed of 40 kilometres per hour (25 miles per hour), they ran on an overhead power supply of 3 kV DC. Their traction motors, connected in series on each bogie, operated on 1.5 kV DC.[5][11]

Service

Although the class ES was initially largely confined to service in Natal, members of the class became quite common working on the Western Transvaal System in later years, mainly being employed around the Witwatersrand. Beginning in 1983, they were eventually replaced by the Class 8E, also a centre-cab shunting locomotive.[5]

The locomotives were known by enginemen as Studebakers since the two long hoods either side of the cab were likened to a 1947 Studebaker Commander Business Coupe.[12]

No. E511 is stored at Millsite Locomotive Depot in Krugersdorp awaiting possible restoration.

Works numbers

The builders, works numbers, years built and renumbering of the Class ES are listed in the table below.[4]

**Class ES locomotive**
Series	Builder	Works no.	Year	Old no.	New no.	Notes
1	SAR		1935	E96	E500
1	SAR		1935	E97	E501
2	Werkspoor	737	1937	E124	E503
2	Werkspoor	738	1937	E125	E504
2	Werkspoor	739	1937	E126	E505
2	Werkspoor	740	1937	E127	E506
2	Werkspoor	741	1937	E128	E507
2	Werkspoor	742	1937	E129	E508
2	Werkspoor	743	1937	E130	E509
2	Werkspoor	744	1937	E131	E510
2	Werkspoor	745	1937	E132	E511
2	Werkspoor	746	1937	E133	E512
3	Werkspoor	913	1951		E515
3	Werkspoor	914	1951		E516
3	Werkspoor	915	1951		E517
3	Werkspoor	916	1951		E518
3	Werkspoor	917	1951		E519
3	Werkspoor	918	1951		E520
3	Werkspoor	919	1951		E521
3	Werkspoor	920	1951		E522
3	Werkspoor	921	1951		E523
3	Werkspoor	922	1951		E524
3	Werkspoor	923	1952		1	Dries GM
3	Werkspoor	924	1952		2	Dries GM
3	Werkspoor	1053	1957		3	Dries GM
3	Werkspoor	1054	1957		4	Dries GM
4	Metrovick		1964	E114	E525	1E rebuilt
4	SLM	3662	1964	E146	E526	1E rebuilt

Illustration

The main picture shows one of the first two Class ES locomotives to be built, c. 1936. Until the 1960s, they had a bottle green livery with red buffer beams. Some of the liveries which were applied to Class ES locomotives are illustrated below.

Series 1 no. E97, later renumbered to no. E501, c. 1936
Series 3 no. E518 at Danskraal, 5 December 2010
Driefontein Consolidated Ltd. no. 1, 21 January 2009
Cab interior of Driefontein no. 1

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South African Class ES.

Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1946). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, April 1946. p. 296.
Espitalier, T.J. (1947). Locomotives Designed and Built in South Africa - The S1, in service this month, is not the first locally-built engine. South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, October 1947. pp. 841-843.
South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
Middleton, John N. (2002). Railways of Southern Africa Locomotive Guide - 2002 (as amended by Combined Amendment List 4, January 2009) (2nd, Dec 2002 ed.). Herts, England: Beyer-Garratt Publications. pp. 51, 63.
Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 134–135. ISBN 0869772112.
"Natal Contract to British". Electric Railway Journal. 61: 107. 13 January 1923. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1944). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter III - Natal Government Railways. (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, June 1944. pp. 421-422.
Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1944). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter III - Natal Government Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, August 1944. p. 599.
Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1946). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, August 1946. pp. 630-631.
SETS - SAR Class 1E Electric Locomotives
Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 23: Braamfontein (2) by Les Pivnic, Part 2. Caption 39. (Accessed on 5 May 2017)

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London 0-4-0VB Table Bay 0-4-0ST Table Bay 0-4-0T Table Bay 0-4-0WT
Standard gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance
Cape gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST CGR 0-6-0T CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack 4-6-4RT CSAR Railmotor Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Railmotor SAR Dock 0-4-0ST SAR Dock 0-4-0T SWA 2-8-0T
Cape gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 BP CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 Joy CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA 1928 SAR Class 16DA 1930 SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga SWA 2-8-0
Cape gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U
2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper John King & Miner Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer Walvis Bay 2-4-2T Hope
2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-4-0T CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16 SWA Class Ha SWA Class Hb SWA Class Hc SWA Class Hd SWA Jung SWA Zwillinge

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

SAR Class ES
SAR Class ES1
SAR Class Exp-AC
SAR Class 1E
SAR Class 2E
SAR Class 3E
SAR Class 4E
SAR Class 5E s1
SAR Class 5E s2
SAR Class 5E s3
SAR Class 5E1 s1
SAR Class 5E1 s2
SAR Class 5E1 s3
SAR Class 5E1 s4
SAR Class 5E1 s5
SAR Class 6E
SAR Class 6E1 s1
SAR Class 6E1 s2
SAR Class 6E1 s3
SAR Class 6E1 s4
SAR Class 6E1 s5
SAR Class 6E1 s6
SAR Class 6E1 s7
SAR Class 6E1 s8
SAR Class 6E1 s9
SAR Class 6E1 s10
SAR Class 6E1 s11
SAR Class 7E
SAR Class 7E1
SAR Class 7E2 s1
SAR Class 7E2 s2
SAR Class 7E3 s1
SAR Class 7E3 s2
Spoornet Class 7E4
SAR Class 8E
SAR Class 9E s1
SAR Class 9E s2
SAR Class 10E
SAR Class 10E1 s1
Spoornet Class 10E1 s2
SAR Class 10E2
SAR Class 11E
SAR Class 12E
Spoornet Class 14E
Spoornet Class 14E1
TFR Class 15E
Spoornet Class 16E
Spoornet Class 17E
Spoornet Class 18E s1
TFR Class 18E s2
TFR Class 19E
TFR Class 20E
TFR Class 21E
TFR Class 22E
TFR Class 23E

Gas-electric

SAR Gas-electric

Diesel

Cape gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 TFR Class 35-800 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000 TFR Class 45-000
2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000
Cape gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000
Cape gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

List of South African locomotive classes
South African locomotive numbering and classification

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