NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg - Train

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The Natal Government Railways 2-6-0T Durban and Pietermaritzburg of 1877 were two South African steam locomotives from the pre-Union era in the Colony of Natal.

Wythes & Jackson 2-6-0T
NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg
Selati Railway 2-6-0T

Works picture of Wythes & Jackson's Durban, c. 1876

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Kitson and Company
Builder	Kitson and Company
Serial number	2097 (Durban) 2098 (Pietermaritzburg)
Build date	1876
Total produced	2

Specifications
Configuration:
• Whyte	2-6-0T (Mogul)
• UIC	1Cn2t
Driver	2nd coupled axle
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading dia.	30 in (762 mm)
Coupled dia.	39 in (991 mm)
Wheelbase	12 ft 1 in (3,683 mm)
• Coupled	7 ft 9 in (2,362 mm)
Wheel spacing (Asymmetrical)	1-2: 3 ft 7+1⁄2 in (1,105 mm) 2-3: 4 ft 1+1⁄2 in (1,257 mm)
Length:
• Over couplers	23 ft 1 in (7,036 mm)
Height	12 ft (3,658 mm)
Frame type	Plate
Axle load	6 LT 12 cwt (6,706 kg)
• Leading	6 LT 4 cwt (6,299 kg)
• 1st coupled	6 LT 10 cwt (6,604 kg)
• 2nd coupled	6 LT 12 cwt (6,706 kg)
• 3rd coupled	6 LT 2 cwt (6,198 kg)
Adhesive weight	19 LT 4 cwt (19,510 kg)
Loco weight	25 LT 8 cwt (25,810 kg)
Fuel type	Wood
Fuel capacity	1 LT (1.0 t) (Coal)
Water cap.	600 imp gal (2,730 l)
Firebox type	Round-top
• Firegrate area	9.79 sq ft (0.910 m²)
Boiler:
• Pitch	5 ft 3+1⁄8 in (1,603 mm)
• Diameter	3 ft 3 in (991 mm)
• Tube plates	9 ft 6 in (2,896 mm)
• Small tubes	116: 1+3⁄4 in (44 mm)
Boiler pressure	130 psi (896 kPa)
Safety valve	Salter
Heating surface	639.5 sq ft (59.41 m²)
• Tubes	590 sq ft (55 m²)
• Firebox	49.5 sq ft (4.60 m²)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	14 in (356 mm) bore 20 in (508 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Stephenson
Couplers	Johnston link-and-pin

Performance figures
Tractive effort	9,800 lbf (44 kN) @ 75%

Career
Operators	Wythes & Jackson Natal Government Railways Selati Railway
Number in class	2
Numbers	NGR 27-28
Official name	Durban & Pietermaritzburg
Delivered	1877
First run	1877

In 1875, the Natal Government Railways was established and, in 1877, all the assets of the Natal Railway Company were taken over by the colonial government in Natal. The government decided to adopt the 3 feet 6 inches Cape gauge in conformance with the railways in the Cape of Good Hope and to extend the existing short broad gauge line in Durban inland to Pietermaritzburg, up the north coast to Verulam and down the south coast to Isipingo. The contractors who were tasked with the construction of the line to Pietermaritzburg acquired two 2-6-0 tank locomotives early in 1877, for use during construction. They named them Durban and Pietermaritzburg. These were the first Cape gauge locomotives to enter service in Natal.[1][2][3]

Manufacturer

In 1876, Whythes & Jackson Limited, who was contracted by the Natal government for the construction of the railway from Durban to Pietermaritzburg, placed an order with Kitson and Company for two 2-6-0T tank locomotives for use during construction. The locomotives were not numbered, but were appropriately named Durban and Pietermaritzburg after the two towns which were to be connected by the new railway. They underwent their trial steaming at the builders on 31 August 1876 and were landed at the Point in Durban in early 1877, the Pietermaritzburg on 1 February off the ship Basotho and the Durban on 22 March.[1][3][4][5]

Characteristics

The locomotives, the first Cape gauge engines to enter service in Natal, were designed for wood-burning and were therefore equipped with American style balloon smokestacks which incorporated spark arresters. They used Salter safety valves and had axle-driven boiler feed-water pumps, placed between the frames.[1]

Service

Whythes & Jackson

The 73 miles (117 kilometres) route for the Pietermaritzburg line had already been surveyed in 1873. The contract stipulated that the line had to be Cape gauge, the rails used had to be of a 40 pounds per yard (20 kilograms per metre) mass, the minimum curve allowed would be of 300 feet (91 metres) radius and the steepest gradient was not to exceed 1 in 30 (3⅓%).[6]

On 1 January 1876, the first sod was turned in Durban by the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Henry Bulwer. Even though the pace of construction was slowed considerably due to the large number of bridges and viaducts necessitated by the terrain, the 17 miles (27 kilometres) section to Pinetown was completed on 4 September 1878 and opened to traffic.[6]

A spectacular viaduct, 89 feet (27 metres) high and one of altogether seven, had to be built across the valley at Inchanga, 40 miles (64 kilometres) from Durban. It was completed in July 1880, with piers made of tubular steel sections which supported a lattice decking girder on which the track was laid. The viaduct was prone to swaying in windy conditions and, as a safety precaution, train speed across the bridge was restricted to about 7 miles per hour (11 kilometres per hour). Trains were not allowed to run across it "during times of more than average wind" and, when the wind speed exceeded 10 miles per hour (16 kilometres per hour), passengers had to disembark and walk across the bridge, after which the train would follow. Between June 1885 and July 1886, additional slanted supporting struts were attached to the bridge piers to give the structure greater stability.[2][6][7]

Camperdown was reached on 1 October 1880, and the Colony's Capital Pietermaritzburg on 1 December of that same year.[6]

Natal Government Railways

Upon completion of the contract, the two locomotives, as well as a third locomotive named Ulundi, were taken over by the Natal Government Railways (NGR). The locomotives retained their names, but the NGR also numbered them 19 (Durban) and 20 (Pietermaritzburg).[1][7]

Reference to the third locomotive named Ulundi was made in the 1880 annual report of the NGR, in which mention was made of three locomotives which were to be taken over from the contractors. In the report, the locomotive name is mentioned in the description of an executives' excursion train which it hauled from Wallace Town to Botha's Hill station, crossing six of the seven viaducts near Inchanga. To date, the identity and configuration of this locomotive could not be established, although it has been suggested that it might possibly have been the 4 feet 8½ inches broad gauge 0-4-0ST Durban of the Natal Railway Company which had been regauged to Cape gauge and renamed Ulundi.[7][8]

Selati Railway

In June 1890, Eugene, the younger of the Barons Oppenheim, sought to obtain a concession from the Government of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek to construct a line to the Murchison Range goldfields along the Selati River. Work on the construction of the Selati Railway in the Transvaal Lowveld began early in 1893, with the line branching off from the Pretoria-Delagoa Bay mainline at a junction near Komatipoort. The two locomotives Durban and Pietermaritzburg were purchased from the NGR for use during construction, along with two 40 Tonner locomotives which were acquired from the Nederlandsche-Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NZASM).[1][9]

The project was abandoned in 1894 due to financial difficulties as well as a dispute which arose with the NZASM over the chosen route. Work on the line was only resumed and completed by the Central South African Railways in 1909. The line was then extended via Gravelotte and Tzaneen to a junction at Soekmekaar, where it met the line from Pietersburg to Messina in 1912. In 1963, the part of the line through the southern part of the Kruger National Park from the junction near Komatipoort was abandoned and replaced by a new line from the present junction near Kaapmuiden.[1][9][10]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg.

Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. 84–85, 121. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
Early NGR background information
Contractor's locomotives Durban and Maritzburg
The Natal Mercury of 8 February 1877 and 22 March 1877.
New Light on Early Natal Locomotives, Article by Donald Bell & A.E. Durrant, SA Rail September–October 1994, pp. 164-166.
The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, pp. 15-16.
John Nicholas Middleton on the Natal Railway Company locomotives
The Railway Report for year ending 31 Dec. 1880, Natal Government Railways, p. JJ72.
Artefacts - Selati Line, Skukuza District, Mpumalanga (Accessed 25 February 2016)
Reader's Digest Atlas of Southern Africa, The Reader's Digest Association South Africa (Pty.) Limited, 1984, (Editor Christoper Walton), p182, ISBN 0 947 008 020

v t e Locomotives of Natal
4' 8½" gauge	Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance
3' 6" gauge	Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert NGR Class A 1905 NGR Class A 1910 NGR Class B 4-8-0 1904 NGR Class B 4-8-0 1910 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1906 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1909 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1910 NGR Class C 4-8-2T NGR Class C 4-10-2T NGR Class D NGR Class E NGR Class F NGR Class G NGR Class H 4-6-2T NGR Class H 4-6-4T NGR Class I 2-6-0 NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NGR Class L 4-8-0 NGR Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Havelock NGR Mallet 1909 NGR Mallet 1910
2' gauge	NGR Class N 1906 NGR Class N 1907 NGR Class N 1911
List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London 0-4-0VB Table Bay 0-4-0ST Table Bay 0-4-0T Table Bay 0-4-0WT
Standard gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance
Cape gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST CGR 0-6-0T CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack 4-6-4RT CSAR Railmotor Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Railmotor SAR Dock 0-4-0ST SAR Dock 0-4-0T SWA 2-8-0T
Cape gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 BP CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 Joy CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA 1928 SAR Class 16DA 1930 SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga SWA 2-8-0
Cape gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U
2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper John King & Miner Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer Walvis Bay 2-4-2T Hope
2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-4-0T CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16 SWA Class Ha SWA Class Hb SWA Class Hc SWA Class Hd SWA Jung SWA Zwillinge

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

SAR Class ES
SAR Class ES1
SAR Class Exp-AC
SAR Class 1E
SAR Class 2E
SAR Class 3E
SAR Class 4E
SAR Class 5E s1
SAR Class 5E s2
SAR Class 5E s3
SAR Class 5E1 s1
SAR Class 5E1 s2
SAR Class 5E1 s3
SAR Class 5E1 s4
SAR Class 5E1 s5
SAR Class 6E
SAR Class 6E1 s1
SAR Class 6E1 s2
SAR Class 6E1 s3
SAR Class 6E1 s4
SAR Class 6E1 s5
SAR Class 6E1 s6
SAR Class 6E1 s7
SAR Class 6E1 s8
SAR Class 6E1 s9
SAR Class 6E1 s10
SAR Class 6E1 s11
SAR Class 7E
SAR Class 7E1
SAR Class 7E2 s1
SAR Class 7E2 s2
SAR Class 7E3 s1
SAR Class 7E3 s2
Spoornet Class 7E4
SAR Class 8E
SAR Class 9E s1
SAR Class 9E s2
SAR Class 10E
SAR Class 10E1 s1
Spoornet Class 10E1 s2
SAR Class 10E2
SAR Class 11E
SAR Class 12E
Spoornet Class 14E
Spoornet Class 14E1
TFR Class 15E
Spoornet Class 16E
Spoornet Class 17E
Spoornet Class 18E s1
TFR Class 18E s2
TFR Class 19E
TFR Class 20E
TFR Class 21E
TFR Class 22E
TFR Class 23E

Gas-electric

SAR Gas-electric

Diesel

Cape gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 TFR Class 35-800 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000 TFR Class 45-000
2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000
Cape gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000
Cape gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

List of South African locomotive classes
South African locomotive numbering and classification

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